Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) for Sustainable Construction

Abstract

Aim of the Study: Conventional concrete, though widely used, is brittle and prone to cracking due to its low tensile strength. Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) offers a promising alternative because of its high tensile capacity, crack resistance, and corrosion-free behavior.

Methods: This study investigated the effect of adding alkali-resistant glass fibers (0.1%–1.0% by weight of cement) to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC, 43 grade). Cube specimens (150 × 150 × 150 mm) were prepared, cured for 7, 14, and 28 days, and tested for compressive strength using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Workability was evaluated with a slump test, and durability was assessed through water absorption. Conventional concrete served as the control.

Results: The addition of glass fibers improved compressive strength by up to 12% compared to control samples after 28 days (25.1 MPa vs. 22.4 MPa). GFRC also exhibited better crack resistance and lower water absorption (8.2 kg at 28 days vs. 7.1 kg in the control). However, higher fiber contents reduced workability.

Conclusion: Results confirm that glass fibers act as micro-reinforcements, bridging cracks and redistributing stresses effectively. Optimal performance was observed at around 1.0% fiber content, while higher dosages caused mixing difficulties. GFRC demonstrates strong potential for prefabricated elements, pavements, and repair applications, contributing to sustainable construction by utilizing glass waste. Future research on hybrid fibers and long-term durability is recommended.