Dowry Trends in Pakistani ‘Patrilocal’ Weddings: Understanding Local Reciprocity and Perspectives

Abstract

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to investigate dowry trends within the context of Pakistani ‘patrilocal’ weddings, focusing on understanding local reciprocity and perspectives surrounding these practices.

Methodology: A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing a semi-structured interview guide with 35 shopkeepers to gather insights into dowry practices and their impact on local commerce in rural communities of Punjab along with the survey model based on Gary Watson's theoretical framework from 193 respondents in five rural communities of Punjab, Pakistan.

Findings: Analysis of the interviews revealed nuanced patterns in product demand, seasonal variations, sales trends, customer preferences, societal expectations, and ethical considerations related to dowry practices. Major findings show the preference for kitchen utensils and electronic items in Sahiwal (22.86%), furniture and home appliances in Multan (20%), home appliances and gold jewelry in Bahawalpur (17.14%) and Vehari (20%). Additionally, the winter wedding season was identified as the peak sales period across regions, ranging from 17.14% to 22.86%. Furthermore, shopkeepers reported an increasing trend in sales of more expensive and branded items, accounting for 17.14% to 22.86% of responses, with quality and brand reputation being primary considerations for customers (20.00% to 22.86%).

Conclusion: The findings underscore the complex interplay between cultural traditions, economic factors, and social dynamics in shaping dowry practices within socio-rural and socio-gender Pakistani ‘patrilocal weddings. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for promoting gender equality, social justice, and community development in the region.